Guide to Understanding Eye Measurement Results (Phoroptor® NIDEK RT-6100)
Equipping yourself with basic knowledge to understand your own eye measurement results is essential for anyone. Especially for those with eye conditions such as myopia...
A Simple Way to Understand Your Eye Measurement Results
Equipping yourself with basic knowledge to understand your own eye measurement results is essential for anyone. Especially for those with eye conditions such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism... In this article, we will help you gain the most basic knowledge for your reference.
Understanding Eye Measurement Results is Not Difficult!
Therefore, understanding your eye measurement results is something you should equip yourself with. So you can read for yourself in future eye examinations. Usually, anyone who goes for an eye measurement is classified as having a refractive error. Simply put, it means the eyes have issues and cannot see as clearly as normal eyes.
First, if your eyes are myopic, your eye measurement results will have the symbol “-”. For hyperopic eyes, it will be replaced by the symbol “+”. The “-” and “+” symbols indicate the convex and concave lenses that you will have prescribed and wear afterward for better vision. Unlike myopia and hyperopia which are indicated by SPH, astigmatism is identified after the DC symbol.
In any eye measurement facility, the staff or doctor will record the parameters for the right eye first. The right and left eyes have a common convention for identification. Specifically:
- The measurement results for the right eye are written after the word “Right” or after the symbol “O.D” or the symbol “R”.
- The measurement results for the left eye are written after the word “Left” or after the symbol “O.S” or the symbol “L”.
- Sphere (SPH): Myopia degree with a minus sign (-); Hyperopia degree with a plus sign (+).
- Cylinder (CYL): Astigmatism degree with a minus sign (-).
- Axis (AXIS): The axis of the astigmatism, only present when astigmatism exists.
- Addition (ADD): Near vision (equal to distance vision plus addition). This index is present for presbyopia.
- PD (pupillary distance): This index is also very important when cutting lenses. When there is concentricity between the pupil and the center of the cut lens, it will provide the clearest vision. If there is eccentricity, it will cause distortion and unclear images....
Eye measurement process


Assessing your medical history helps you understand the problem your eyes are having and receive dedicated advice from a specialist. This process takes about 5 minutes depending on each subject, measuring directly 1-1 with a technician in a private eye examination room helps customers feel more comfortable in sharing and answering questions. Dien Bien Phu Optical is very careful in assessing the eye health of patients. We do this by asking and analyzing the patient's medical history carefully at the first step of recording.

Visionix VX110 objective refraction device helps to accurately measure nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism of the eye objectively, regardless of the customer's subjective perception.
We imported data from the Visionix VX110 objective refractometer and the Nidek LM1800 pd lens meter into the Nidek RT6100. The pupillary distance (the distance between the centers of two people) must coincide with the center of the lens to ensure that the light passing through the retina is focused correctly, helping the image through the eye to be clear and sharp. Therefore, the pupillary measurement step is added to the important eye measurement steps to minimize the difficulty of adaptation (dizziness, tired eyes) when customers use new glasses.
For people with corrected vision, it will be 10/10 without glasses, but below 8/10 and there are the following signs that need to be checked in the next step. 1. Blurred vision: This is a sign that you should have your eyes checked immediately. This could signal a vision-related impairment. A common cause of blurred vision is a refractive error. 2. Squint to see better: People with vision problems always have to squint to see better. Images are scattered unevenly when entering the retina. At this time, you have to squint to reduce the area of the image entering, helping to focus on the right point of clear vision. 3. Difficulty seeing at night: It is a sign of many vision problems. When it gets dark, the light decreases and at the same time it causes difficulty in distinguishing the details of objects. 4. Eyes sensitive to light: It is a sign that you should get your eyes checked immediately. Whether it is free or paid, it is a warning that you should go get your eyes checked right away. It is saying: you are experiencing a sudden decrease or worse, loss of eye power.
To see if the myopia is progressing or if the old glasses are not suitable or if the lenses are scratched and damaged or if the glasses fitting technique is incorrect and if new glasses need to be replaced, the next step is the current degree.
After determining the eye degree, the most modern Nidek Phoropter RT6100 visual acuity mask helps to measure comprehensively including distance and near vision, accommodation ability, etc. The measurement results by Nidek Phoropter are an important basis to help specialists make an accurate diagnosis of vision status and provide appropriate treatment regimen. At Dien Bien Phu Optical, the technician will set up different lenses to find the standard vision center and the largest deviation between the two eyes, and at the same time set up important parameters to perform the next eye measurement steps.
Astigmatism is the second most common refractive error after nearsightedness. Astigmatism occurs when the cornea or lens is irregularly shaped, preventing light from focusing onto the retina. Measuring astigmatism requires high precision and experience of the technician. At Dien Bien Phu Optical, we use the Nidek RT6100 device to accurately measure astigmatism and astigmatism axis, ensuring the most accurate cutting of glasses.
Measure the optimal sphere of the left eye and then calculate the astigmatism correction and axis of astigmatism similar to the right eye.
Binocular vision equalization is the final important step in the eye exam. The goal is to ensure that both eyes are working in harmony, avoiding a situation where one eye is working more than the other. The technician will adjust the glasses to achieve the optimal balance, helping the wearer feel comfortable and have stable vision for a long time.
Visual acuity and sensation testing with old glasses. New glasses need to be adapted and optimized by measuring and taking note of the adaptation time with new glasses.
After determining the current degree, the customer will try on glasses with suitable lenses to check the actual distance vision. If dizziness or lightheadedness occurs, it will be optimized with the most stable vision. This is the final step of the nearsightedness measurement process, helping the specialist to comprehensively evaluate the results of the nearsightedness measurement.
Eyeruler-2 (Essilor): Modern and comprehensive measuring device, capable of giving complete results with all FIT parameters for single/multifocal lenses This device gives us specific parameters of the eye such as: - PD: Pupillary distance - FH: Distance from center of eye to lowest end of frame - Vertex: Distance from eye behind lens to retinal surface - Pantoscopic: Tilt angle - Wrap Angle: Horizontal tilt angle - DBL: Nose bridge distance - ELD: Distance from pupil to back of eye in glasses





Just by memorizing this formula, you can read your own and others' eye measurement slips at any time. For example:
- The parameters on the first eye examination slip recorded by the doctor: O.D: – 2.5 = 10/10. This means the right eye is myopic by 2.5 diopters, and the vision after correction is 10/10.
- Or another eye examination slip you received is: R: +3 - 0.25 X 180° = 10/10. This means your right eye is hyperopic by 3 diopters, astigmatic by 0.25 diopters, with an axis of 180°, and the vision after correction is 10/10. The sphere or astigmatism degree may change, but the axis is fixed.
SPH, CYL, AXIS: read according to positive/negative standards printed
ADD only exists when measuring for near vision / multifocal
PD / Pupillary Distance: some slips only record total, some record monocular
Slip only has trial lenses (faulty lenses)
The RT-6100 machine and the role of subjective lens testing
When not to read the slip to self-adjust?
Visual Acuity Chart and “pseudo-myopia”
Compare the slip with the installed lenses
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